If a product is not successful, re-branding sometimes helps. This is exactly what is happening in the United States with the controversial Confucius Institutes. Beijing-backed language and cultural centers are being renamed and simply reopened, a report by the conservative National Association of Scholars (NAS) non-governmental organization has revealed. Of the 118 Confucius Institutes that once existed in the United States, 104 had closed as of June of this year. Four more were undergoing closure.