The Arctic ice is melting dramatically – large areas could be ice-free as early as 2035, far earlier than researchers estimated ten years ago. This also means new sea routes and mineral resources can be accessed in the far north. This spurs traditional Arctic states, as well as so-called observer states, into action. China defined itself as a state „close to the Arctic“ in a foreign policy white paper back in 2018 – even though Dalian, China’s northernmost port, is some 5,700 kilometers from the North Pole. China’s Arctic plans also include Beijing talking about a „Polar Silk Road.“