Published: September 18th, 2024,
Last updated: May 28th, 2025

The 11th Xiangshan Forum took place in Beijing from Sept. 12-14. After the Munich Security Conference, it is one of the largest global security conferences. The main difference lies not only in the objectives, but also in the international perception. As the host, China concentrates on presenting its broadly defined Global Security Initiative (GSI), while countries from the Global South in particular make their voices heard. High-ranking European defense politicians stayed away from the forum. They do not want to send out the wrong signals by upgrading Beijing’s initiative and thus the influence policy of its designated strategic rival.