Published: November 25th, 2024,
Last updated: May 28th, 2025

Relief that the climate conference did not fail. Disillusionment and anger at its outcome. The call to reform the process – and the appeal not to let up in climate action efforts. All of this can be found in the reactions to the final documents of COP29. While voices from the industrialized countries often emphasized the success that an agreement could be reached at all against a difficult geopolitical backdrop, experts from developing countries and climate protection NGOs criticized the inadequate results of the conference, in some cases harshly.