Published: April 10th, 2025,
Last updated: May 28th, 2025

The structural dependence on US providers of digital services – be it for software, cloud and computing infrastructure or networks – has long been the subject of controversy in Europe. In 2020, the estimated turnover of US digital service providers in the EU was more than €160 billion, while European providers only generated around €20 billion on the US market. The pressure to free ourselves from this dependency is currently greater than ever. But how can Europe achieve digital sovereignty?