European mining: back to the future

To generate green energy and meet climate targets, Europe will need wind turbines, photovoltaic systems, fuel- and solar cells, heat pumps, and batteries. The problem: The necessary raw materials for their production largely come from unstable partners in non-European countries. Many of them are also in short supply and are already not available in sufficient quantities. This is already evident from delivery bottlenecks for electric cars or solar panels.