Published: March 17th, 2023,
Last updated: May 30th, 2025
In December, the heads of state and government had instructed the EU Commission to hurriedly come up with a response to the Inflation Reduction Act. The Biden administration’s subsidy program for climate-friendly industries, combined with high energy prices, had stoked fears among policymakers that Europe could lose out on the expected boom in green industries. Moreover, in the wake of Russia’s attack on Ukraine, there has been a heightened awareness of the vulnerabilities inherent in dependencies on geopolitical rivals such as China in key sectors such as solar, wind, and energy storage.