After the 2024 European elections, the political far-right landscape in the European Parliament (EP) has been reshaped. Parties to the right of the European People’s Party (EPP) made gains in 23 EU member states, particularly in Germany and France. The electoral successes were followed by fragmentation; instead of two, there are now three far-right groups in the EP: the national conservative ECR, which has existed since 2009, and the two newly founded, more far-right groups Patriots for Europe (PfE) and Europe of Sovereign Nations (ESN).