Published: May 31st, 2023,
Last updated: May 28th, 2025

If the EU and the USA have their way, a raw materials club should bring together Western countries and resource-rich countries in Asia, Latin America and Africa to enable raw materials partnerships on an equal footing. Under discussion is whether governments can waive export restrictions or tariffs in mutual trade in mineral resources, and whether common environmental and occupational safety standards can be established for mines or smelters. In short, mutual recognition is to be promoted in the interests of international trade.