Published: July 2nd, 2023,
Last updated: May 30th, 2025
The EMFA should actually guarantee freedom of the media throughout the EU. In particular, the violent deaths of Ján Kuciak in Slovakia and Daphne Caruana Galizia in Malta highlighted the urgency of better protection. Events in Hungary, Poland and Greece, where governments used controversial measures to harass individual journalists, such as spyware deployments, increased the pressure to act.